techstuff

How to compile paulStretch for Ubuntu

2010-08-18T18:41:00.011Z

paulStretch is fun little audio tool which lets you stretch (or shrink) an audio file and add other effects. The best example of its prowess is found here : Justin Bieber rendered into an Orb-eque ambient track.

Step one, download the source.

Step two, install a bunch of libraries which will allow you to compile it:

sudo apt-get install libaudiofile-dev libaudiofile0 libvorbis0a libvorbisenc2 libvorbisfile3 libfltk1.1 libportaudio0 libportaudio2 libportaudiocpp0 libmad0 libfftw3-3 fluid g++

Update

Here's the full list of stuff I installed when I was trying to get this compiled.Bit of a scatter-gun approach really, I probably didn't need them all, but it helped me get it compiled:

sudo apt-get install libmad0-dev libmadlib-dev libibmad-dev
fftw-dev fftw3-dev libfftw3-dev mffm-fftw-dev portaudio19-dev libaudiofile0 libvorbis0a libvorbisenc2 libvorbisfile3 libfltk1.1 libportaudio0 libportaudio2 libportaudiocpp0 libmad0 libfftw3-3 fluid g++

Step three, unpack the downloaded file :

tar jxvf paulstretch-2.0.tar.bz2

Step four, edit a file in the source:

cd paulstretch-2.0/Input
vim MP3InputS.cpp

add the following just after the line that says :

#include <stdlib.h>

this is near the top of the file. Add this line:

#include <string.h>

Step five, compile.
Go back to the paulstretch-2.0 directory:

cd ..

compile:

./compile_linux_fftw.sh

You should end up with an executable file called:

paulstretch

Have fun!

Convert DVD aspect ration from 4:3 to 16:9

2009-05-25T21:16:00.001Z

1) copy DVD files to PC hard disk folder using any one of a number of methods (dvd decrypter, dvd shrink, Nero Recode etc).

2) start up IFOEDIT

3) click on open button (bottom left hand corner)

4) navigate to hard disk folder used in step 1 above

5) select vts_01_0.ifo

6) On lower screen, you will see a line that starts under the line Title Set (Movie) Video: MPEG-2 etc.

Select this line by clicking on it, and then Double Click on this line, and a menu will pop up.

7) Click on 16:9 option in aspect ratio box.

Check boxes Automatic Pan and Scan, and Automatic Letterboxed (a tick will appear each box) make sure the Letterboxed (top and bottom cropped) button is unchecked (no tick)

8) click ok and return to main Ifoedit menu

9) Click on Save button

10) click SAVE.

11) Program will ask you to save BUP files as well. Click Yes

(If you have multiple titles, simply repeat steps 3-11 for each title selecting VTS_NN_0.iFO where NN = 01, 02, 03 etc.)

Google Calendar Bookmarklet

2009-03-11T14:06:00.004Z

The bookmarklet will add a new entry to google calendar, with the URL of the current open web page as the title, with today's date as the start/end date. It sets 20:00 as the start time and 21:00 as the end time:

javascript:function%20zeroPad(n,%20digits)%20{n%20=%20n.toString();while%20(n.length%20<%20digits)%20{n%20=%20'0'%20+%20n;}return%20n;}var%20now=new%20Date();%20var%20t=document.

location;void(window.open('http://www.google.com/calendar/event?text='+escape(t)+'&pprop=HowCreated:QUICKADD&action=TEMPLATE&dates='%20+%20now.getFullYear()%20+%20zeroPad(now.get

Month()+1,2)%20+%20zeroPad(now.getDate(),2)%20+%20'T'%20+%20'200000'%20+%20%20%20'/'%20+%20%20now.getFullYear()%20+%20zeroPad(now.getMonth()+1,2)%20+%20zeroPad(now.getDate(),2)%2

0+%20'T'%20+%20'210000'%20+%20'Z'));

Or drag this link to your bookmarks : Addit2GCal

Poem

2009-03-07T20:45:00.001Z

And play for a while
and forget all
my unfinished work
with a smile.
For every tomorrow
holds work to be done,
but lullaby moments
and peek-a-boo fun,
are life's tender treasures
meant just for today,
for babies grow up...
and the years
slip away.

af9015/af9016 usb dvb stick ubuntu

2008-10-28T23:28:00.002Z

lsusb
sudo apt-get install mercurial linux-headers-$(uname -r) build-essential gcc make
wget http://www.telecable.es/personales/bbbaaa/dvb-usb-af9015.fw
sudo cp dvb-usb-af9015.fw /lib/firmware/2.6.20-14-generic
hg clone http://linuxtv.org/hg/~anttip/af9015/archive/tip.tar.gz
cd tip.tar.gz
make && sudo make install
vi /etc/modules
dvb-usb-af9015
vi /etc/udev/rules.d/udev.rules
# dvb devices KERNEL="dvb*", PROGRAM="/etc/udev/scripts/dvb.sh %k", NAME="%c", GROUP="video", MODE="0660"
#!/bin/sh /bin/echo $1 | /bin/sed -e 's,dvb\([0-9]\)\.\([^0-9]*\)\([0-9]\),dvb/adapter\1/\2\3,' #end of script
chmod +x /etc/udev/scripts/dvb.sh

Add an HP-UX item to the boot options list from the EFI Shell.

2008-10-24T13:28:00.000Z

Adding an HP-UX Boot Option

This procedure adds an HP-UX item to the boot options list from the EFI Shell.

To add an HP-UX boot option when logged in to HP-UX, use the setboot command. For details refer to the setboot(1M) manpage.

Access the EFI Shell environment.
Log in to the iLO MP and enter CO to access the server console.
When accessing the console, confirm that you are at the EFI Boot Manager menu (the main EFI menu). If you are at another EFI menu, choose the Exit option from the submenus until you return to the screen with the EFI Boot Manager heading.
From the EFI Boot Manager menu, choose the EFI Shell menu option to access the EFI Shell environment.
Access the EFI System Partition (fsX: where X is the file system number) for the device from which you want to boot HP-UX.
For example, enter fs2: to access the EFI System Partition for the bootable file system number 2. The EFI Shell prompt changes to reflect the file system currently accessed.
The full path for the HP-UX loader is \EFI\HPUX\HPUX.EFI and it should be on the device you are accessing.
At the EFI Shell environment, use the bcfg command to manage the boot options list.
The bcfg command includes the following options for managing the boot options list:
- bcfg boot dump — Display all items in the boot options list for the server.
- bcfg boot rm # — Remove the item number specified by # from the boot options list.
- bcfg boot mv #a #b — Move the item number specified by #a to the position specified by #b in the boot options list.
- bcfg boot add # file.efi "Description" — Add a new boot option to the position in the boot options list specified by #. The new boot option references file.efi and is listed with the title specified by Description.
  For example, bcfg boot add 1 \EFI\HPUX\HPUX.EFI "HP-UX 11i" adds an HP-UX 11i item as the first entry in the boot options list.
Refer to the help bcfg command for details.
Exit the console and iLO MP interfaces if you are finished using them.
Press Ctrl+B to exit the system console and return to the iLO MP Main Menu. To exit the iLO MP, type X at the Main Menu.

Sun SVM script to simplify the metastat output

2008-10-01T08:49:00.001Z

#!/usr/bin/ksh
#
# 'nawk' script to parse 'metastat' output and present
# in a useful output.
#
# Example:
#  # metainfo
# Device  Size MB Mirror0 State0  Device0         Mirror1 State1  Device1
# d60:    10240,6 d61     Okay    c1t0d0s6        d62     Okay    c1t1d0s6
# d40:    4099,22 d41     Okay    c1t0d0s4        d42     Okay    c1t1d0s4
# d30:    2052,09 d31     Okay    c1t0d0s3        d32     Okay    c1t1d0s3
# d20:    2052,09 d21     Okay    c1t0d0s1        d22     Okay    c1t1d0s1
# d10:    3075,66 d11     Okay    c1t0d0s0        d12     Okay    c1t1d0s0
# d50:    2052,09 d51     Okay    c1t0d0s5        d52     Okay    c1t1d0s5
#
# Submitted by: Adrian Meier
#

metastat | nawk '
BEGIN   { print "Device Size MB Mirror0 State0  Device0 Mirror1 State1  Device1"
   OFS="   "}
/Mirror/ { if (dev != "") print dev, size, mir0, stat0, dev0, mir1, stat1, dev1
   dev=$1; size=""; mir0=""; stat0=""; dev0="" }
/Size:/  { if (size == "") size=$2/2048 }
/Submirror 0/ { mir0=$3 }
/Submirror 1/ { mir1=$3 }
/State:/ { if (stat0 == "") stat0=$2; else stat1=$2 }
/c.t.d.s./ { if (dev0 == "") dev0=$1; else dev1=$1 }
END  { print dev, size, mir0, stat0, dev0, mir1, stat1, dev1 }'

# Exit
exit 0

##############################################################################
### This script is submitted to BigAdmin by a user of the BigAdmin community.
### Sun Microsystems, Inc. is not responsible for the
### contents or the code enclosed.
###
###
### Copyright 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
### Use of this software is authorized pursuant to the
### terms of the license found at
### http://www.sun.com/bigadmin/common/berkeley_license.html
##############################################################################

winexec to change Windows password remotely using linux

2008-09-10T15:25:00.001Z

./winexe -U Administrator%support //HOSTNAME 'net user Administrator support'

running a script when a usb device is plugeed in

2008-08-20T14:28:00.002Z

/etc/udev/rules.d/local.rules:
KERNEL=="sd?1", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ATTRS{vendor}=="Apple ", RUN+="/usr/local/sbin/eject_ipod.sh $devpath $name"

/usr/local/sbin/eject_ipod.sh:
#!/bin/bash
LOG=/tmp/help.log
>$LOG
/bin/sleep 1
/bin/echo "$(date)" >>$LOG
/bin/echo $* >>$LOG
DEVICE="/dev/$2"
echo "device=$DEVICE" >> $LOG
echo "$DEVICE"|grep [0-9]
STATUS=$?
echo "STATUS=$STATUS" >> $LOG
if [[ $STATUS -eq 0 ]]
then
echo "EJECT EJECT EJECT">>$LOG
/usr/bin/eject -v $DEVICE >>$LOG 2>&1
fi

SVM (formerly disksuite)

2008-07-25T14:31:00.003Z

#
/usr/sbin/metainit d101 1 1 c1t2d0s2
#
/usr/sbin/metainit d102 1 1 c1t3d0s2
#
/usr/sbin/metainit d100 -m d101
/usr/sbin/metattach d100 d102
#
metainit d110 -p d100 10g
metainit d111 -p d100 5g
metainit d112 -p d100 20g
metainit d113 -p d100 2g

Solaris Containers Quick Ref

2008-07-23T12:17:00.001Z

# Solaris Zone Setup
# create the softpartitions:
metainit d211 -p d200 5g
metainit d212 -p d200 20g
metainit d213 -p d200 2g
zonecfg -z boxcar -f boxcar_zone.cfg
zoneadm -z boxcar verify
zoneadm -z boxcar install -p -a /var/tmp/falls-z1.flar
zoneadm -z boxcar boot

zoneadm list -v
zlogin -C boxcar
# ~. to exit console

#Contents of cfg file:
create -t SUNWsolaris8
set zonepath = /sol8/boxcar
add net
set address = 172.25.78.114
set physical = e1000g0
end
add dedicated-cpu
set ncpus=2-4
set importance=10
end
add capped-memory
set physical=8192m
end
add fs
set dir=/var
set special=/dev/md/dsk/d211
set raw=/dev/md/rdsk/d211
set type=ufs
end
add fs
set dir=/opt
set special=/dev/md/dsk/d212
set raw=/dev/md/rdsk/d212
set type=ufs
end
add fs
set dir=/oracle
set special=/dev/md/dsk/d213
set raw=/dev/md/rdsk/d213
set type=ufs
end
verify
commit
exit

Using Amazon S3 as storage for a web site

2008-07-14T19:19:00.005Z

I used "s3cmd" under ubuntu to create a new bucket, then upload a jpeg to it:

Configure s3cmd to use your Amazon S3 account:
s3cmd --configure
Make a new bucket:<bucket>
s3cmd mb s3://
Upload a jpeg to the bucket:
s3cmd -P --mime-type=image/jpeg put picture.jpg s3://<bucket>
The URL for the file:
http://<bucket>.s3.amazonaws.com/picture.jpg

Cisco VPN Client Patch update for 2.6.24 final

2008-05-19T10:08:00.000Z

[www.tuxx-home.at] - Website of Alexander Griesser | Cisco VPN Client Patch update for 2.6.24 final

How to get cisco vpnclient working in Hardy Heron (8.04 LTS). This site includes downloads.

wicd - download

2008-05-17T14:46:00.000Z

wicd - download: "deb http://apt.wicd.net gutsy extras"

Use this instead of nm-applet (network-manager) in ubuntu - no stupid extra passwords to enter

Remove the password prompt after suspend in Ubuntu

2008-05-17T14:16:00.002Z

type gconf-editor

go to the key at /apps/gnome-power-manager

Remove the ticks in the right boxes. There is help.

Ubuntu / nvidia shenannigans

2008-03-15T12:13:00.003Z

Right, the last post about nvidia drivers on Ubuntu and my Samsung telly? Rubbish. It didn't work. Well it sort of did. When I let Ubuntu take care of installing the nvidia drivers, it installed the nvidia-legacy drivers, as I guess my card is old. This caused problems when I tried to build XBMC for linux. The problem being that it wouldn't compile.
So, I removed everything vaguely nvidia related, rebooted, then installed this nifty utility, Envy.
Basically it takes care of getting the nvidia drivers straight from the nvidia site, installs them and all the prequistes. Dead good. However after the reboot, I was back to 800x600. Arse.

So, I went to the The XFree86 Modeline Generator site, which generates modeline entries for you xorg.conf. The instructions are there, and using the information from my telly's owner's manual, I finally got Ubuntu at the max resolution for my TV AND built and more importantly, ran XBMC. Woohoo!

Samsung LCD TV and Ubuntu

2008-03-14T09:29:00.006Z

I recently bought a nice new 37" Samsung LE37S86BDX LCD TV from Argos. It's very nice, but I've had a few problems with it...

First off, when watching my Sky+ box via SCART, the telly would randomly and intermittently switch itself to standby, then back on, then back to standby, then back on again. Which was nice. A call to the nice (really) people at Argos got me put through to the equally nice people at Samsung, who arranged to a local TV repair firm to come "fix" it. The guy came, pressed a mysterious sequence of buttons on the remote, and a secret menu popped up on screen. From there he switched off "Watch Dog" mode. The engineer didn't know what it was, but knew it would solve the problem. Huh.

Well, since then I've done a bit of "research" (google search) and came up with this link at digitalspy, where someone had the same problem, but Samsung told him how to sort it out over the phone. I wish they'd told me this over the phone, it would have saved me a morning sitting of around waiting for the TV guy to turn up. Anyway, here's what he did:

With the TV on standby:
Press INFO, MENU, MUTE, POWER and the TV should spring to life with a new menu on screen (the "service menu"). Scroll down to option 9 on the first screen, press left arrow to get to a sub-menu where you will see "Watch dog" a little way down the screen. Scroll down to it, press left arrow to change it to "off". That's it apparently. Switch off the TV and switch it on again.
I'm just waiting to see if that has done the trick.

Secondly I used the VGA port on the back of the telly to connect my little Ubuntu box to the telly. With the video drivers that Ubuntu uses as default (vesa?) Ubuntu worked a treat. It worked out the correct resolution (1360x768) and all was well. Then I wanted to enable desktop effects. Ubuntu told me I should install the nVidia closed source drivers to allow wizzy effects, and that it could do so automagically from one of it's apt repositories. Great, I thought, do it.
It did it, rebooted and ... 800x600. Pants.

Skip forward several hours of fighting with the screen settings, the resolution settings to me actually working out the modeline entry for the xorg.conf file:

here it is:
modeline "1360x768@60" 85.5 1360 1440 1552 1792 768 771 777 795 +hsync +vsync

That was hard work. Also, this didn't solve the problem completely, because although the login-screen was now being displayed in glorious 1360x768, the desktop for my default user was not. It turns out editing this file : $HOME/.gconf/desktop/gnome/screen/htpc/0/%gconf.xml and changing 1024x768 to 1360x768, and logging out and in again fixed the issue.

Blimey. What a kerfuffle. And they say Linux is ready for the desktop!

Anyway, next on the list: building XBMC for Linux on it!

Download BBC iPlayer videos in mp4 format

2008-03-12T11:30:00.000Z

triffid.org -- Cheese Dreams

Command-line vi

2008-03-05T12:07:00.002Z

vi +':g /yyyy/s//xxxx/g' +':wq!' tat

This command will load file "tat" into vi, replace all instances of "yyyy" with "xxxx" then save the file and quit vi... or...

vi +':%s/xxxx/yyyy/g' +':wq!' tat

Apparently "%" in this case is a synonym for "1,$"

Optimize A Fresh Ubuntu Installation - Wired How-To Wiki

2008-03-04T15:17:00.001Z

Optimize A Fresh Ubuntu Installation - Wired How-To Wiki

Need to take note of this. The Automatix2 thing looks interesting!

Defragmenting Windows XP

2008-03-04T08:52:00.003Z

I want to take a look at this. Seems like a good idea seeing as I am starting to play games with my PC again, I should probably be looking at trying to improve its performance.

UBW USB Whacker under ubuntu linux

2008-02-27T21:22:00.004Z

I recently bought one of these, a "UBW USB Whacker".
It will allow me to control all sorts of fun things from my PC, much in the same way as my parallel port home automation experiment. Brian Schmalz, the inventor, explains far better than I, what it does on his site:

The UBW board is a small board that contains a Microchip PIC USB-capable microcontroller, headers to bring out all of the PICs signal lines (to a breadboard for example), only costs about $15-$20 to build and is powered from the USB connection.

Also on Brian's site are several explanations on how to use this gadget with Windows and Liberty BASIC. I don't want to use it under Windows, so here are a few first pointers to using it under Linux, specifically the flavour I run , Ubuntu 7.10:

Step 1 : Just plug it in. It should appear at /dev/ttyACM0 or /dev/ttyACM1 - go take a look.
Step 2: Create a symbolic link from /dev/ttyS3 to /dev/ttyACM0 so gtkterm can talk to it.
Step 3: Run up gtkterm, connect to /dev/ttyS3 and type "V" without the quotes and press ENTER. You should get something back along the lines of: "UBW FW D Version 1.4.1". This shows everything is working.
Step 4: I wanted to run something in a programming language, and as I am quite familiar with PHP, I got hold of this class for talking to serial devices.
Step 5: The following code in conjunction with the above class allowed me to do the same thing from within a PHP program as I did from within gtkterm:

<?php
include "php_serial.class.php";

// Let's start the class
$serial = new phpSerial;

// First we must specify the device. This works on both linux and windows (if
// your linux serial device is /dev/ttyS0 for COM1, etc)
$serial->deviceSet("/dev/ttyS3");

// Then we need to open it
$serial->deviceOpen();

// To write into
$serial->sendMessage("V\n");

// Or to read from
$read = $serial->readPort();
echo "output : \n $read \n";

// If you want to change the configuration, the device must be closed
$serial->deviceClose();

?>

That's it for now. Look on the UBW home page for more information on the commands you need to send to the device to make it do stuff. I'll post more interesting stuff when I've learnt how!

usb devices empty in vmware host under linux

2008-02-27T09:22:00.002Z

I had an issue running vmware server on my ubuntu 7.10 box where the vmware host could not see any usb devices connected to the linux box. This site has the answer, at the bottom.

Basically you need to put this line in /etc/fstab:

usbfs /proc/bus/usb usbfs auto 0 0

and reboot (bit drastic), or just issue this command:

mount -t usbfs none /proc/bus/usb

before restarting vmware server (/etc/init.d/vmware-server restart) and startup the host computer again.

ubuntu

2008-02-16T12:53:00.003Z

I have moved from Fedora 7 to Ubuntu 7.10. I got really bored of the bleeding edge that is Fedora. Bleeding edge is fine for a kickabout, but not good for a stable system.
I am running Ubuntu 7.10 as an SMTP mail host using postfix and horde for webmail.
The box is also my home router, so I can keep full control of what comes in and goes out.
I also run motion 3.2.9 and capture images from an Edimax 1500wg wifi camera. The results are logged to a MySQL database and I wrote my own web frontend in php to display the results. This project will soon be on sourceforge.

Stand by for some technical details which I will post here soon, for no other reason than to maintain a sort of changelog in case I have to do it all again!

hp-ux 11.23 kernel

2008-02-16T12:43:00.001Z

kcweb -t
kconfig

generate ssl certs for web

2006-08-11T13:53:00.001Z

openssl genrsa -des3 -out filename.key 1024
openssl req -new -key filename.key -out filename.csr
openssl req -new -key filename.key -x509 -out filename.crt
cp filename.key filename.key.passphrase
openssl rsa -in filename.key.passphrase -out filename.key

sed handy hints

2006-07-11T09:16:00.001Z

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
HANDY ONE-LINERS FOR SED (Unix stream editor) Apr. 26, 2004
compiled by Eric Pement - pemente[at]northpark[dot]edu version 5.4
Latest version of this file is usually at:
http://sed.sourceforge.net/sed1line.txt
http://www.student.northpark.edu/pemente/sed/sed1line.txt
This file is also available in Portuguese at:
http://www.lrv.ufsc.br/wmaker/sed_ptBR.html

FILE SPACING:

# double space a file
sed G

# double space a file which already has blank lines in it. Output file
# should contain no more than one blank line between lines of text.
sed '/^$/d;G'

# triple space a file
sed 'G;G'

# undo double-spacing (assumes even-numbered lines are always blank)
sed 'n;d'

# insert a blank line above every line which matches "regex"
sed '/regex/{x;p;x;}'

# insert a blank line below every line which matches "regex"
sed '/regex/G'

# insert a blank line above and below every line which matches "regex"
sed '/regex/{x;p;x;G;}'

NUMBERING:

# number each line of a file (simple left alignment). Using a tab (see
# note on '\t' at end of file) instead of space will preserve margins.
sed = filename | sed 'N;s/\n/\t/'

# number each line of a file (number on left, right-aligned)
sed = filename | sed 'N; s/^/ /; s/ *$.\{6,\}$\n/\1 /'

# number each line of file, but only print numbers if line is not blank
sed '/./=' filename | sed '/./N; s/\n/ /'

# count lines (emulates "wc -l")
sed -n '$='

TEXT CONVERSION AND SUBSTITUTION:

# IN UNIX ENVIRONMENT: convert DOS newlines (CR/LF) to Unix format
sed 's/.$//' # assumes that all lines end with CR/LF
sed 's/^M$//' # in bash/tcsh, press Ctrl-V then Ctrl-M
sed 's/\x0D$//' # gsed 3.02.80, but top script is easier

# IN UNIX ENVIRONMENT: convert Unix newlines (LF) to DOS format
sed "s/$/`echo -e \\\r`/" # command line under ksh
sed 's/$'"/`echo \\\r`/" # command line under bash
sed "s/$/`echo \\\r`/" # command line under zsh
sed 's/$/\r/' # gsed 3.02.80

# IN DOS ENVIRONMENT: convert Unix newlines (LF) to DOS format
sed "s/$//" # method 1
sed -n p # method 2

# IN DOS ENVIRONMENT: convert DOS newlines (CR/LF) to Unix format
# Can only be done with UnxUtils sed, version 4.0.7 or higher.
# Cannot be done with other DOS versions of sed. Use "tr" instead.
sed "s/\r//" infile >outfile # UnxUtils sed v4.0.7 or higher
tr -d \r outfile # GNU tr version 1.22 or higher

# delete leading whitespace (spaces, tabs) from front of each line
# aligns all text flush left
sed 's/^[ \t]*//' # see note on '\t' at end of file

# delete trailing whitespace (spaces, tabs) from end of each line
sed 's/[ \t]*$//' # see note on '\t' at end of file

# delete BOTH leading and trailing whitespace from each line
sed 's/^[ \t]*//;s/[ \t]*$//'

# insert 5 blank spaces at beginning of each line (make page offset)
sed 's/^/ /'

# align all text flush right on a 79-column width
sed -e :a -e 's/^.\{1,78\}$/ &/;ta' # set at 78 plus 1 space

# center all text in the middle of 79-column width. In method 1,
# spaces at the beginning of the line are significant, and trailing
# spaces are appended at the end of the line. In method 2, spaces at
# the beginning of the line are discarded in centering the line, and
# no trailing spaces appear at the end of lines.
sed -e :a -e 's/^.\{1,77\}$/ & /;ta' # method 1
sed -e :a -e 's/^.\{1,77\}$/ &/;ta' -e 's/$ *$\1/\1/' # method 2

# substitute (find and replace) "foo" with "bar" on each line
sed 's/foo/bar/' # replaces only 1st instance in a line
sed 's/foo/bar/4' # replaces only 4th instance in a line
sed 's/foo/bar/g' # replaces ALL instances in a line
sed 's/$.*$foo$.*foo$/\1bar\2/' # replace the next-to-last case
sed 's/$.*$foo/\1bar/' # replace only the last case

# substitute "foo" with "bar" ONLY for lines which contain "baz"
sed '/baz/s/foo/bar/g'

# substitute "foo" with "bar" EXCEPT for lines which contain "baz"
sed '/baz/!s/foo/bar/g'

# change "scarlet" or "ruby" or "puce" to "red"
sed 's/scarlet/red/g;s/ruby/red/g;s/puce/red/g' # most seds
gsed 's/scarlet\|ruby\|puce/red/g' # GNU sed only

# reverse order of lines (emulates "tac")
# bug/feature in HHsed v1.5 causes blank lines to be deleted
sed '1!G;h;$!d' # method 1
sed -n '1!G;h;$p' # method 2

# reverse each character on the line (emulates "rev")
sed '/\n/!G;s/$.$$.*\n$/&\2\1/;//D;s/.//'

# join pairs of lines side-by-side (like "paste")
sed '$!N;s/\n/ /'

# if a line ends with a backslash, append the next line to it
sed -e :a -e '/\\$/N; s/\\\n//; ta'

# if a line begins with an equal sign, append it to the previous line
# and replace the "=" with a single space
sed -e :a -e '$!N;s/\n=/ /;ta' -e 'P;D'

# add commas to numeric strings, changing "1234567" to "1,234,567"
gsed ':a;s/\B[0-9]\{3\}\>/,&/;ta' # GNU sed
sed -e :a -e 's/$.*[0-9]$$[0-9]\{3\}$/\1,\2/;ta' # other seds

# add commas to numbers with decimal points and minus signs (GNU sed)
gsed ':a;s/$^\|[^0-9.]$$[0-9]\+$$[0-9]\{3\}$/\1\2,\3/g;ta'

# add a blank line every 5 lines (after lines 5, 10, 15, 20, etc.)
gsed '0~5G' # GNU sed only
sed 'n;n;n;n;G;' # other seds

SELECTIVE PRINTING OF CERTAIN LINES:

# print first 10 lines of file (emulates behavior of "head")
sed 10q

# print first line of file (emulates "head -1")
sed q

# print the last 10 lines of a file (emulates "tail")
sed -e :a -e '$q;N;11,$D;ba'

# print the last 2 lines of a file (emulates "tail -2")
sed '$!N;$!D'

# print the last line of a file (emulates "tail -1")
sed '$!d' # method 1
sed -n '$p' # method 2

# print only lines which match regular expression (emulates "grep")
sed -n '/regexp/p' # method 1
sed '/regexp/!d' # method 2

# print only lines which do NOT match regexp (emulates "grep -v")
sed -n '/regexp/!p' # method 1, corresponds to above
sed '/regexp/d' # method 2, simpler syntax

# print the line immediately before a regexp, but not the line
# containing the regexp
sed -n '/regexp/{g;1!p;};h'

# print the line immediately after a regexp, but not the line
# containing the regexp
sed -n '/regexp/{n;p;}'

# print 1 line of context before and after regexp, with line number
# indicating where the regexp occurred (similar to "grep -A1 -B1")
sed -n -e '/regexp/{=;x;1!p;g;$!N;p;D;}' -e h

# grep for AAA and BBB and CCC (in any order)
sed '/AAA/!d; /BBB/!d; /CCC/!d'

# grep for AAA and BBB and CCC (in that order)
sed '/AAA.*BBB.*CCC/!d'

# grep for AAA or BBB or CCC (emulates "egrep")
sed -e '/AAA/b' -e '/BBB/b' -e '/CCC/b' -e d # most seds
gsed '/AAA\|BBB\|CCC/!d' # GNU sed only

# print paragraph if it contains AAA (blank lines separate paragraphs)
# HHsed v1.5 must insert a 'G;' after 'x;' in the next 3 scripts below
sed -e '/./{H;$!d;}' -e 'x;/AAA/!d;'

# print paragraph if it contains AAA and BBB and CCC (in any order)
sed -e '/./{H;$!d;}' -e 'x;/AAA/!d;/BBB/!d;/CCC/!d'

# print paragraph if it contains AAA or BBB or CCC
sed -e '/./{H;$!d;}' -e 'x;/AAA/b' -e '/BBB/b' -e '/CCC/b' -e d
gsed '/./{H;$!d;};x;/AAA\|BBB\|CCC/b;d' # GNU sed only

# print only lines of 65 characters or longer
sed -n '/^.\{65\}/p'

# print only lines of less than 65 characters
sed -n '/^.\{65\}/!p' # method 1, corresponds to above
sed '/^.\{65\}/d' # method 2, simpler syntax

# print section of file from regular expression to end of file
sed -n '/regexp/,$p'

# print section of file based on line numbers (lines 8-12, inclusive)
sed -n '8,12p' # method 1
sed '8,12!d' # method 2

# print line number 52
sed -n '52p' # method 1
sed '52!d' # method 2
sed '52q;d' # method 3, efficient on large files

# beginning at line 3, print every 7th line
gsed -n '3~7p' # GNU sed only
sed -n '3,${p;n;n;n;n;n;n;}' # other seds

# print section of file between two regular expressions (inclusive)
sed -n '/Iowa/,/Montana/p' # case sensitive

SELECTIVE DELETION OF CERTAIN LINES:

# print all of file EXCEPT section between 2 regular expressions
sed '/Iowa/,/Montana/d'

# delete duplicate, consecutive lines from a file (emulates "uniq").
# First line in a set of duplicate lines is kept, rest are deleted.
sed '$!N; /^$.*$\n\1$/!P; D'

# delete duplicate, nonconsecutive lines from a file. Beware not to
# overflow the buffer size of the hold space, or else use GNU sed.
sed -n 'G; s/\n/&&/; /^$[ -~]*\n$.*\n\1/d; s/\n//; h; P'

# delete all lines except duplicate lines (emulates "uniq -d").
sed '$!N; s/^$.*$\n\1$/\1/; t; D'

# delete the first 10 lines of a file
sed '1,10d'

# delete the last line of a file
sed '$d'

# delete the last 2 lines of a file
sed 'N;$!P;$!D;$d'

# delete the last 10 lines of a file
sed -e :a -e '$d;N;2,10ba' -e 'P;D' # method 1
sed -n -e :a -e '1,10!{P;N;D;};N;ba' # method 2

# delete every 8th line
gsed '0~8d' # GNU sed only
sed 'n;n;n;n;n;n;n;d;' # other seds

# delete ALL blank lines from a file (same as "grep '.' ")
sed '/^$/d' # method 1
sed '/./!d' # method 2

# delete all CONSECUTIVE blank lines from file except the first; also
# deletes all blank lines from top and end of file (emulates "cat -s")
sed '/./,/^$/!d' # method 1, allows 0 blanks at top, 1 at EOF
sed '/^$/N;/\n$/D' # method 2, allows 1 blank at top, 0 at EOF

# delete all CONSECUTIVE blank lines from file except the first 2:
sed '/^$/N;/\n$/N;//D'

# delete all leading blank lines at top of file
sed '/./,$!d'

# delete all trailing blank lines at end of file
sed -e :a -e '/^\n*$/{$d;N;ba' -e '}' # works on all seds
sed -e :a -e '/^\n*$/N;/\n$/ba' # ditto, except for gsed 3.02*

# delete the last line of each paragraph
sed -n '/^$/{p;h;};/./{x;/./p;}'

SPECIAL APPLICATIONS:

# remove nroff overstrikes (char, backspace) from man pages. The 'echo'
# command may need an -e switch if you use Unix System V or bash shell.
sed "s/.`echo \\\b`//g" # double quotes required for Unix environment
sed 's/.^H//g' # in bash/tcsh, press Ctrl-V and then Ctrl-H
sed 's/.\x08//g' # hex expression for sed v1.5

# get Usenet/e-mail message header
sed '/^$/q' # deletes everything after first blank line

# get Usenet/e-mail message body
sed '1,/^$/d' # deletes everything up to first blank line

# get Subject header, but remove initial "Subject: " portion
sed '/^Subject: */!d; s///;q'

# get return address header
sed '/^Reply-To:/q; /^From:/h; /./d;g;q'

# parse out the address proper. Pulls out the e-mail address by itself
# from the 1-line return address header (see preceding script)
sed 's/ *(.*)//; s/>.*//; s/.*[:<] *//'

# add a leading angle bracket and space to each line (quote a message)
sed 's/^/> /'

# delete leading angle bracket & space from each line (unquote a message)
sed 's/^> //'

# remove most HTML tags (accommodates multiple-line tags)
sed -e :a -e 's/<[^>]*>//g;/
# extract multi-part uuencoded binaries, removing extraneous header
# info, so that only the uuencoded portion remains. Files passed to
# sed must be passed in the proper order. Version 1 can be entered
# from the command line; version 2 can be made into an executable
# Unix shell script. (Modified from a script by Rahul Dhesi.)
sed '/^end/,/^begin/d' file1 file2 ... fileX | uudecode # vers. 1
sed '/^end/,/^begin/d' "$@" | uudecode # vers. 2

# zip up each .TXT file individually, deleting the source file and
# setting the name of each .ZIP file to the basename of the .TXT file
# (under DOS: the "dir /b" switch returns bare filenames in all caps).
echo @echo off >zipup.bat
dir /b *.txt | sed "s/^$.*$\.TXT/pkzip -mo \1 \1.TXT/" >>zipup.bat

TYPICAL USE: Sed takes one or more editing commands and applies all of
them, in sequence, to each line of input. After all the commands have
been applied to the first input line, that line is output and a second
input line is taken for processing, and the cycle repeats. The
preceding examples assume that input comes from the standard input
device (i.e, the console, normally this will be piped input). One or
more filenames can be appended to the command line if the input does
not come from stdin. Output is sent to stdout (the screen). Thus:

cat filename | sed '10q' # uses piped input
sed '10q' filename # same effect, avoids a useless "cat"
sed '10q' filename > newfile # redirects output to disk

For additional syntax instructions, including the way to apply editing
commands from a disk file instead of the command line, consult "sed &
awk, 2nd Edition," by Dale Dougherty and Arnold Robbins (O'Reilly,
1997; http://www.ora.com), "UNIX Text Processing," by Dale Dougherty
and Tim O'Reilly (Hayden Books, 1987) or the tutorials by Mike Arst
distributed in U-SEDIT2.ZIP (many sites). To fully exploit the power
of sed, one must understand "regular expressions." For this, see
"Mastering Regular Expressions" by Jeffrey Friedl (O'Reilly, 1997).
The manual ("man") pages on Unix systems may be helpful (try "man
sed", "man regexp", or the subsection on regular expressions in "man
ed"), but man pages are notoriously difficult. They are not written to
teach sed use or regexps to first-time users, but as a reference text
for those already acquainted with these tools.

QUOTING SYNTAX: The preceding examples use single quotes ('...')
instead of double quotes ("...") to enclose editing commands, since
sed is typically used on a Unix platform. Single quotes prevent the
Unix shell from intrepreting the dollar sign ($) and backquotes
(`...`), which are expanded by the shell if they are enclosed in
double quotes. Users of the "csh" shell and derivatives will also need
to quote the exclamation mark (!) with the backslash (i.e., \!) to
properly run the examples listed above, even within single quotes.
Versions of sed written for DOS invariably require double quotes
("...") instead of single quotes to enclose editing commands.

USE OF '\t' IN SED SCRIPTS: For clarity in documentation, we have used
the expression '\t' to indicate a tab character (0x09) in the scripts.
However, most versions of sed do not recognize the '\t' abbreviation,
so when typing these scripts from the command line, you should press
the TAB key instead. '\t' is supported as a regular expression
metacharacter in awk, perl, and HHsed, sedmod, and GNU sed v3.02.80.

VERSIONS OF SED: Versions of sed do differ, and some slight syntax
variation is to be expected. In particular, most do not support the
use of labels (:name) or branch instructions (b,t) within editing
commands, except at the end of those commands. We have used the syntax
which will be portable to most users of sed, even though the popular
GNU versions of sed allow a more succinct syntax. When the reader sees
a fairly long command such as this:

sed -e '/AAA/b' -e '/BBB/b' -e '/CCC/b' -e d

it is heartening to know that GNU sed will let you reduce it to:

sed '/AAA/b;/BBB/b;/CCC/b;d' # or even
sed '/AAA\|BBB\|CCC/b;d'

In addition, remember that while many versions of sed accept a command
like "/one/ s/RE1/RE2/", some do NOT allow "/one/! s/RE1/RE2/", which
contains space before the 's'. Omit the space when typing the command.

OPTIMIZING FOR SPEED: If execution speed needs to be increased (due to
large input files or slow processors or hard disks), substitution will
be executed more quickly if the "find" expression is specified before
giving the "s/.../.../" instruction. Thus:

sed 's/foo/bar/g' filename # standard replace command
sed '/foo/ s/foo/bar/g' filename # executes more quickly
sed '/foo/ s//bar/g' filename # shorthand sed syntax

On line selection or deletion in which you only need to output lines
from the first part of the file, a "quit" command (q) in the script
will drastically reduce processing time for large files. Thus:

sed -n '45,50p' filename # print line nos. 45-50 of a file
sed -n '51q;45,50p' filename # same, but executes much faster

If you have any additional scripts to contribute or if you find errors
in this document, please send e-mail to the compiler. Indicate the
version of sed you used, the operating system it was compiled for, and
the nature of the problem. Various scripts in this file were written
or contributed by:

Al Aab # "seders" list moderator
Edgar Allen # various
Yiorgos Adamopoulos
Dale Dougherty # author of "sed & awk"
Carlos Duarte # author of "do it with sed"
Eric Pement # author of this document
Ken Pizzini # author of GNU sed v3.02
S.G. Ravenhall # great de-html script
Greg Ubben # many contributions & much help
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

how to send html mime mail from linux command line

2006-06-02T07:43:00.000Z

simply put something like this in a plain file:

MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
subject: test

<html>
<b>hello world!</b>
</html>

and then do this:

cat filename | sendmail -v recipient@email.com

some mysql I want to remember

2006-04-20T21:02:00.001Z

SELECT count( * )
FROM `queue`
WHERE timestamp < '2006-04-30'
AND timestamp > '2006-04-01'

2006-01-06T15:17:00.000Z

File attachments with "uuencode"

Sending binary files does not work well for the Internet. We could send a binary file "surfing.jpeg" using this command:

mail -s "picture of me surfing" sylvia@home.com <>

but chances are high that the image will be unusable the time it arrives at the recipient.

During mail delivery the mail is relayed from one mail delivery agent to the next, until it finally arrives at the recipient. Each delivery agent may transform the mail message, e.g. by stripping the 8th bit of each character, removing NUL bytes (ASCII code 0), converting the end-of-line character LF ("line-feed", ASCII code 12) to a local representation (e.g. CR LF), or removing trailing space or TAB characters from each line.

Since only some characters are sure to arrive unmodified, the traditional solution is to encode the mail from binary format to a text format that is safe to transmit. The program used for this is called "uuencode" ("UNIX to UNIX encoding"), the program to decode the data is called "uudecode".

The simplest way to send a file as a mail attachment is shown by the following example:

$ uuencode surfing.jpeg surfing.jpeg | mail sylvia@home.com

That's all! If Sylvia uses a current mail reader like Mozilla, Netscape Messenger or Microsoft Exchange, she will see a mail containing just one file attachment: the file "surfing.jpeg". In the command above we had to specify the file name two times: the first name denotes the input file to be encoded, and the second name is the file name the recipient will see.

This way we can include normal text, too:

$ (cat mailtext; uuencode surfing.jpeg surfing.jpeg) |
mail sylvia@home.com

Note: The file name "surfing.jpeg" again appears twice on the uuencode command line: the first time to specify the input file name, the second time for the remote extraction file name.

The first "cat" will prepend the contents of the file "mailtext" to the "uuencode"ed data of the image "surfing.jpeg". Both commands are executed within a sub shell, to combine the output of both commands to one output stream redirected to the "mail" command.

This method of sending file attachments works fairly well, but still has some shortcomings:

Many user agents cannot directly decode this kind of file attachments, e.g. "Eudora". Some mail agents explicitly require the decoding of the mail using the program "uudecode"
The "uuencode" encoding is not standardized. Text encoded on one system may not be decoded correctly by the recipient's system [the content of the mail message was saved to the file "mail.uue"]
$ uudecode mail.uue
The file "surfing.jpeg" was written to the current directory

The next method does not have this disadvantages. It works with most (newer) mail user agents and uses the "Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions" (MIME).

File attachments with MIME

The MIME Standard ("Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions") defines an impressive list of new features for e-mail messages, e.g.

arbitrary file attachments, e.g. images, audio files
more than one file attachment per mail
multi-part messages

Other features are non-ASCII character sets for message bodies and message headers.

But how can shell programmers use these features effectively?

At first there has to be a command-line driven program to send MIME mails. There are some MIME packages available free of charge, the most common being

mutt written by Michael Elkins (http://www.mutt.org)
MetaMail by Nathaniel S.Borenstein (ftp://ftp.research.telcordia.com/pub/nsb/)
mpack by John G. Myers (ftp://ftp.andrew.cmu.edu:/pub/mpack/)

But check your local system before downloading one of these packages, many UNIX systems (e.g. Linux) come with one or more of them pre-installed.

mutt is an interactive, text-oriented e-mail client. Not very useful for usage in a script, one might think. But on closer view the program turns out to provide an easy way to send e-mails with file attachments. Have a look at the following example:

$ mutt -s "Birthday celebration" -a citymap.jpg all@friends.org <>

This command shows how to specify four important parts of an e-mail:

The recipient ("all@friends.org")
The main body of the e-mail (read from standard input, here redirected from the file "invitation.txt")
An attachment (with option -a)
A subject line (option -s)

The interesting part is the option -a, which allows us to send an attachment (in this case a picture of a city map). We could have added more attachments by using multiple -a options.

mutt always reads a text from standard input that will become the main body of the e-mail, the text before the attachment. If the mail should consist of attachments only, we can either specify /dev/null as the file to read, e.g.

$ mutt -a syslogs.tar.gz admin@domain.org < /dev/null

or use an empty line as the mail body:

$ echo | mutt -a syslogs.tar.gz admin@domain.org

mutt does some work behind the scenes, e.g. it's looking at the file extensions of the attachments, and selects an appropriate MIME type for each. This works reasonably well (depending on the configuration of the system in general and mutt in particular), but if more control about MIME types and the sending of the e-mail is required, the next package may be more appropriate.

The remainder of this chapter will use programs of the MetaMail package for the examples. Don't worry if the command lines seem somewhat cryptic, at the end of this article we will present a script simplifying the sending of mail attachments.

MetaMail provides two programs to send mail: mailto and metasend. We will use the second one for scripting, because it can be used non-interactively. The most interesting command line arguments of metasend are listed in the following table [refer to metasend(1) for a complete list].

-b batch (non-interactive) mode

-c cc CC address (for copy of the mail)

-f filename Name of file to attach

-m MIME-type MIME content type, e.g. "text/plain" or "application/octet-stream"

-s subject Title (subject) of the mail message

-t to Recipient's address

-n Next file attachment (needed for multiple file attachments)

-D description Description of the file content

-o outputfile Name of an output file. If the -t option is given, the mail is sent directly to the addressee

This new knowledge enables us to send an audio file using "metasend":

$ metasend -b -t john@friends.org -s "Hear our son!" -m audio/basic -f crying.au

This invocation of "metasend" sends a mail to "john@friends.org" (option -t) with the subject "Hear our son!" (option -s), without prompting for further arguments (option -b). Without the "-b" argument, the command would have asked for addresses to send "carbon copies" to. The file to attach is called "crying.au", and the file type is "audio/basic".

The file type (or "MIME-type") "audio/basic" gives the recipient's mail reader a hint on the contents of the file attachment. Some contents may be displayed directly (e.g. "text/plain", "image/gif"), for others the mail reader may call external programs to present the contents (e.g. "application/postscript", "audio/wav"). The relation between MIME content type and external program to call often is established using a file called "mailcap" (see mailcap(4), if available on your system). Mozilla or Netscape's Communicator allows to specify "helper applications" that are invoked depending on the MIME type.

An annoying property of "metasend" is the need to specify the MIME type for each file. The script sendfile simplifies this. The following example sends two files, "cover.gif" and "contents.ps":

$ sendfile editor@somewhere.com cover.gif contents.ps
[Text to appear before the attachments, EOF to end]
Hello John, you'll find a table of contents attached to
this e-mail.
^D

The script is easier to use because it determines the MIME type of the specified files by examining their file name extension, e.g. ".gif" or ".ps".

The command used to determine the MIME type is getmimetype.

Making a DIVX dvd-r

2006-01-03T19:56:00.000Z

mkisofs -r -o /tmp/temp.iso ./Gadget\ Show\ 12-Dec-05.avi

mount -t iso9660 -o ro,loop=/dev/loop0 /tmp/divx1.iso /tat

cdrecord -format -dev=ATAPI:1,0,0
cdrecord -v speed=10 dev=ATAPI:1,0,0 -data /tmp/temp.iso

cdrecord -sao -v speed=10 dev=ATAPI:1,0,0 -data /tmp/divx1.iso

make a dvd mpeg with mencoder

2005-11-23T08:11:00.001Z

To make a dvd-compliant file without re-encoding it:
$ mencoder -mc 0.1 -of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd -oac copy -ovc copy -o "The Biggest Hits - Right Now.mpg" "The Biggest Hits - Right Now.ts"

to make a dvd-compliant file re-encoding the video stream (re-encoding audio doesn't make mush sense)
this is the very tweaked command line I use (change bitrate with the value you want, in kilobit/second)
$ mencoder -of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts qprd:keyint=25:vcodec=mpeg2vid

eo:mbd=2:vbitrate=$BITRATE:lmin=1:mbqmin=1:vqmin=1:vqmax=12:mbqmax=12:dia=-4:predia=-4:preme=2:vmax_b_frames=1:sc_threshold=-1500:vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:cmp=256:precmp=256:subcmp=256:mbcmp=256:qprd:vqcomp=0.75:subq=8 -o "The Biggest Hits - Right Now.mpg" "The Biggest Hits - Right Now.ts"

the above command encode in 1-pass with suboptimal results;
if you want to encode in 2 passes repeat the same command twice appending :vpass=1 the first time and :vpass=2 the second time.

To encode to mp4 you had better ask someone to mencoder-users.

Now that you know a basic command you should read the man page and tweak the encoding process as you _really_ need
(denoise, deinterlace, etc).

kernel sources / sound cards

2005-08-01T09:50:00.001Z

Installation

Install your kernel sources, in my case:

rpm -ivh kernel-source-2.4.3-20mdk.i586.rpm

Then decompress alsa drivers:

bzip2 -d alsa-driver-0.9.0beta10.tar.bz2 && tar -xvf alsa-driver-0.9.0beta10.tar

Make them and install them and create the devices files:

cd alsa-driver-0.9.0beta10 && make install && ./snddevices

Edit /etc/modules.conf to set everything, and add to it the following lines:

alias char-major-116 snd
alias char-major-14 soundcore
alias sound-slot-0 snd-card-0
alias sound-service-0-0 snd-mixer-oss
alias sound-service-0-1 snd-seq-oss
alias sound-service-0-3 snd-pcm-oss
alias sound-service-0-8 snd-seq-oss
alias sound-service-0-12 snd-pcm-oss
alias snd-card-0 snd-card-intel8x0

warning: Christian Cardinale rf.libertysurf@elanidrac.naitsirhc reports that he had to change 'snd-card-intel8x0' for 'snd-intel8x0', which corresponds to what I have for my Debian system, I no longer remember, but I think this one is the mandrake name, if it doesn't work, just use to the other, ok?

set root user password mysql

2005-02-18T11:19:00.001Z

#PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
#This is done with:
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h dell password 'new-password'
#See the manual for more instructions.

#NOTE: If you are upgrading from a MySQL <= 3.22.10 you should run
#the /usr/bin/mysql_fix_privilege_tables. Otherwise you will not be
#able to use the new GRANT command!

#You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/safe_mysqld &

iptables logging

2005-02-17T13:53:00.001Z

#Log iptables traffic on a specific port (25, in this case):
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -j LOG --log-prefix "SMTPTRAFFIC:"

Oracle Processes & SEMMNS

2005-01-25T11:10:00.000Z

Parameter Background:
PROCESSES specifies the maximum number of operating system user processes that can simultaneously connect to Oracle. Its value should allow for all background processes such as locks, job queue processes, and parallel execution processes. An acceptable range of values is 6 to operating system-dependent.

The maximum value of the processes initialization parameter is dependent on the HP-UX 11.0
kernal parameter SEMMNS. Testing has indicated that Oracle reserves eighteen semaphores for some undocumented purpose.

If increasing the value of PROCESSES results in
ERROR on startup of the Oracle instance:

SQL> startup
ORA-24323: value not allowed
ORA-27146: post/wait initialization failed

Resolution:
Increase the value of SEMMNS to be at least 18 higher then the maximum value you require for PROCESSES.

Example:
If your kernal parameter is set to:
SEMMNS = 500

The maximum number of processes that Oracle will let you start the instance will be:
PROCESSES = 482

Transcoding

2004-12-03T09:24:00.000Z

http://linuxathome.com/index.php?p=80

mencoder options

2004-12-03T09:18:00.000Z

mencoder -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4 -o outputfilename.avi inputfilename.mpg

Birthdays in Access

2004-10-07T10:24:00.000Z

Microsoft Access Database Solutions - Selecting birthdays within the next 30 days:

The following example shows how to create a query in SQL (Structured Query Language) that will select all birthdays that are due to fall in the next 30 days. This example assumes that you have a table named Employees and that this table includes a field named Birthdate.

As usual, there are many ways to perform the same action.

This select statement can be pasted straight into Query By Example sql view but don't forget to change table (Employees) and field name (Birthdate) ...

SELECT Employees.Birthdate,

Int((Now()-[birthdate])/365.25) AS Age,

[Birthdate]+((Int((Now()-[birthdate])/365.25)+1)*365.25) AS NextBirthday,

(Int((Now()-[birthdate])/365.25)+1) AS AgeNextBirthday, [Age]+1 AS Next

FROM Employees

WHERE ((([Birthdate]+((Int((Now()-[birthdate])/365.25)+1)*365.25)) Between Now() And Now()+30));

Run the query to validate your results.

solaris syslog.conf

2004-09-23T14:24:00.000Z

syslog.conf on solaris needs tabs, not spaces!

cdrecord format

2004-09-02T10:11:00.000Z

cdrecord -v speed=4 -dev=ATAPI:0,0 filename.iso

vdr compile

2004-09-02T09:37:00.000Z

Ok here is the info translated and with the links / command bought up to date -

Get your Linux machine up and running. For this I did an install off a linux disk and included most items. It has X windows etc install but I do not use it (it does make sure you get most of the drivers you will need).

cd /usr/local/src - This is the folder where all the code / programs will go

We start by getting the DVB driver and unzipping it
wget http://pvrguide.no-ip.com/files/vdr/linux-...3-10-13.tar.bz2
tar xvfj linux-dvb.2003-10-13.tar.bz2
ln -s linux-dvb.2003-10-13 DVB
rm linux-dvb.2003-10-13.tar.bz2

There is a patched root file that you will need if you are decrypting channels
wget http://pvrguide.no-ip.com/files/vdr/Root-patched-20031013.gz
gunzip Root-patched-20031013.gz
cp DVB/driver/av7110/Root DVB/driver/av7110/OldRoot
mv Root-patched-20031013 DVB/driver/av7110/Root

Now you can make the patched DVB driver
cd DVB/driver
make

If all looks good -
./makedev.napi
make insmod

cd ..
make

------------------------------------------------------------
Now lets install the VDR program. I have based this on V 1.2.6 as that is the last stable version/

cd /usr/local/src

wget http://pvrguide.no-ip.com/files/vdr/vdr-1.2.6.tar.bz2
tar xvfj vdr-1.2.6.tar.bz2
rm vdr-1.2.6.tar.bz2
ln -s vdr-1.2.6 VDR

We add on the AutoPID patch to keep the channels up to date as most providers move them about now and then
cd /usr/local/src/VDR
wget http://vdrbox.free.fr/fichiers/AutoPID_vdr-1.2.6.diff.bz2
bunzip2 AutoPID_vdr-1.2.6.diff.bz2
patch -p1 <>

And the Elchi patches to make it look good
wget http://www.hut.fi/~rahrenbe/vdr/vdr-1.2.6-ElchiAIO4d.diff.gz
gunzip vdr-1.2.6-ElchiAIO4d.diff.gz
patch -p1 <>

------------------------------------------------------------
Now lets get the system set up and ready to run -

cd /usr/local/src/VDR
make
mkdir /video
mkdir /usr/local/src/VDRtmp

Edit the /usr/local/src/VDR/runvdr file.
change line in runvdr to :
VDRCMD="$VDRPRG -w 60 -c /usr/local/src/VDRtmp $*"
and add at the top
cd /usr/local/src/VDR

Lets get the config files in the right place
cp *.conf ../VDRtmp
and link to the runvdr command so we can get to it from anywhere
ln -s /usr/local/src/VDR/runvdr /usr/bin/runvdr

Now move off to the config directory
cd /usr/local/src/VDRtmp
edit sources.conf Comment out anything you do not need
edit diseqc.conf
you will now need to make the channels.conf file. Either convert one you already have or look in the plugins section and find the scan script.

----

help with compiling DVB drivers for linux

2004-09-01T13:44:00.000Z

KERNEL : 2.6.7-1.456_4.rhfc2.at
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
case $1 in
unload)
modprobe -r dvb_bt8xx
modprobe -r dst
modprobe -r bttv
;;
load)
#modprobe bttv i2c_hw=1 card=0x71
#modprobe dvb-bt8xx
#modprobe dst dst_type=1
modprobe dvb_core dvb_shutdown_timeout=0
modprobe video-buf
modprobe bttv i2c_hw=1 card=0x71
modprobe bt878
modprobe dst dst_type_flags=4
modprobe dvb-bt8xx
;;
*)
echo "error load or unload dummy"
;;
esac

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#!/bin/sh
# Create device nodes for the Linux DVB API with DVB_API_VERSION 2.
# The devices created are suitable for most current PC DVB cards,
# i.e. cards having one frontend, one demux and optionally one
# MPEG decoder.
# The script creates devices for four cards by default.

if [ -e /dev/.devfsd ]; then
echo "It seems you are using devfs. Good!"
exit 0
fi

# get rid of old DVB API devices; do it twice for good measure...
rm -rf /dev/ost
rm -rf /dev/ost
rm -rf /dev/dvb
rm -rf /dev/dvb

mkdir /dev/dvb
chmod 755 /dev/dvb

for i in `seq 0 3`; do
echo "Creating DVB devices in /dev/dvb/adapter$i"
mkdir /dev/dvb/adapter$i
chmod 755 /dev/dvb/adapter$i
mknod -m 0666 /dev/dvb/adapter$i/video0 c 250 `expr 64 \* $i + 0`
mknod -m 0666 /dev/dvb/adapter$i/audio0 c 250 `expr 64 \* $i + 1`
mknod -m 0666 /dev/dvb/adapter$i/frontend0 c 250 `expr 64 \* $i + 3`
mknod -m 0666 /dev/dvb/adapter$i/demux0 c 250 `expr 64 \* $i + 4`
mknod -m 0666 /dev/dvb/adapter$i/dvr0 c 250 `expr 64 \* $i + 5`
mknod -m 0666 /dev/dvb/adapter$i/ca0 c 250 `expr 64 \* $i + 6`
mknod -m 0666 /dev/dvb/adapter$i/net0 c 250 `expr 64 \* $i + 7`
mknod -m 0666 /dev/dvb/adapter$i/osd0 c 250 `expr 64 \* $i + 8`
chown root.video /dev/dvb/adapter$i/*
done

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Patching/updating your kernel source:
1. Download video4linux snapshot from http://dl.bytesex.org/cvs-snapshots/
2. Unpack into a temp directory.
3. Copy the files under video4linux/ to drivers/media/video,
owerwrite anything that is there.
4. Update to latest dvb-kernel CVS and use makelinks to patch your kernel.

Building the modules outside the kernel:
1. Download video4linux snapshot from http://dl.bytesex.org/cvs-snapshots/
2. Unpack into a temp directory.
3. Run make in the video4linux directory, and copy the modules to:
/lib/modules/{kernel-version}/kernel/drivers/media/video
4. Update to latest dvb-kernel CVS
5. Apply the attached patch to dvb-kernel, and copy bttv.h from the
video4linux directory to build-2.6.
6. Run make in build-2.6.

How to configure syslog.conf & customize syslog routing

2004-08-26T14:27:00.000Z

Have you ever seen a message in /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log and wished that
something special could be done when it occurs? The messages in the syslog.log
file are written by the syslogd(1m) daemon. Syslogd is started at boot up and
can be configured to handle messages differently.

Syslogd reads and logs messages into a set of files described by the
configuration file /etc/syslog.conf. The syslog.conf file can be configured by
the system administrator to do special handling for messages. Messages can be
routed to a logfile, another host, the terminals of specified users or sent to
all users.

Messages are identified by facility and level. If special handling is desired
for a message that is already being routed to syslog the facility and level of
the message must be identified. This can be accomplished by running syslogd in
debug mode.

Run syslog in debug mode by killing the running syslogd daemon and starting it
with /usr/sbin/syslogd -d. This will result in a continuous scrolling
display to the terminal syslogd was just started from.

Look at the "pri" field in the output that scrolls to the screen. The first
character is the facility and the second is the level. The file
/usr/include/syslog.h contains the translations for the fields.

Let's say the following syslogd debug output shows the message in question.

got a message (1, 0x8)
logmsg: pri 47, flags 0, from nitro, msg Apr 10 09:56:55 : LOGIN:
pam_authenticate error
readfds = 0x68 0x3 0x5 0x6

The facility is 4 so it corresponds to the following line in
/usr/include/syslog.h:

#define LOG_AUTH (4<<3) face="courier new">auth.debug /var/adm/authrequests.log
auth.debug /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log

Now, just have syslogd reread its configuration file to put the changes in
effect. Use the following command:

kill -HUP `cat /var/run/syslog.pid`

NOTE: The fields are seperated by tabs and not spaces. If spaces included it
won't work.

The logger(1) command can be useful for testing the modifications.

The following example shows how to direct messages to a file other than
syslog.log.

First, add "user.none" to the line in syslog.conf that directs messages to
syslog.log. This prevents any messages with facility "user" from being written

to syslog.log.

*.info;mail.none;user.none /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log

Second, add a line to syslog.conf to send the messages to another file.
This "user.info" line causes all facility "user" messages with a level greater
than or equal to "info" to be logged to syslog.notice. The only level lower
than info is debug.

user.info /var/adm/syslog/syslog.notice

HP-UX fbackup and frecover syntax quick reference

2004-08-26T14:25:00.000Z

Create a backup using a graph file

The easiest way to use fbackup is to create a file containing a list of files/directories to be backed up or excluded, this is known as a graph file. Files and directories to be included in the backup are proceeded by a letter "i", or a letter "e" for files to be excluded.

The example below will instruct fbackup to backup everything under root, except /tmp, /var/tmp and /savecore. See the fbackup man page for more information.

i /

e /tmp

e /var/tmp

e /savecore

To create a level 0 backup to /dev/rmt/0m using the graph file:

fbackup -0 -f /dev/rmt/0m -g graph_file

To create a level 0 backup on a tape drive on a remote system:

fbackup -0 -f server:/dev/rmt/0m -g graph_file

Create a backup without using a graph file

Create a level 0 backup of /usr, but exclude /usr/tmp. This example creates a file archive called "/backup/usr_fbackup.20020501":

fbackup -0 -f /backup/usr_fbackup.20020501 -i /usr -e /usr/tmp

Recover files from an fbackup archive (tape device or file)

List the contents of an fbackup archive and save the output to /restore/contents.txt:

frecover -I /restore/contents.txt -f archive

Use the following command to recover all files from an fbackup archive. Warning; this will restore to the absolute pathname, therefore do not use this command to restore into an alternative path.

frecover -r -f archive

Extract specific files (specified in a graph file) from an fbackup archive.

frecover -x -g graph_file -f archive

Recover a specific file from the archive (use absolute pathnames). In this example /tmp/file.txt is extracted:

frecover -x -i /tmp/file.txt -f archive

Recover a file to the current working directory (-X option). For example, to recover /tmp/file.txt to directory /restore you would perform the following:

cd /restore

frecover -X -x -i /tmp/file.txt -f archive

NOTE: The above command will create /restore/tmp/file.txt, i.e. it will create the leading directories as needed. Use the -F option to instruct frecover not to create leading directories.

The following commands would restore /tmp/file.txt as /restore/file.txt.

cd /restore

frecover -X -F -x -i /tmp/file.txt -f archive

Use the -N (no recover) option to preview a restore. This can be used to check your syntax without the risk of overwriting files. The -v option creates verbose output.

frecover -N -v -f archive

bc - the Unix command line calculator

2004-08-26T14:21:00.000Z

echo "scale=2;2.2*2"|bc
echo "scale=2;1+1"|bc"
(1 plus 1 calculated to 2 decimal places)

DCE (under HP-UX anyway)

2004-08-26T14:19:00.000Z

To add a DCE principle/account:
dcecp -c pri create ${i}
dcecp -c org add org1 -member ${i}
dcecp -c group add user1 -member ${i}
dcecp -c group add group2 -member ${i}
acc create ${i} -group group1 -org org1 -password cti -mypwd CELLADMINPASSWORD

to change the password :
acc modify ${i} -password newpassword -mypwd CELLADMINPASSWORD

to show current dce credentials :
klist

Finding out the memory information on a HP-UX system

2004-08-26T14:15:00.000Z

Finding out the memory information on a HP Unix system
Total Memory :
echo "selclass qualifier memory;info;wait;infolog"|cstm | grep "Total Configured Memory"
All Memory Information , slots, modules etc.
echo "selclass qualifier memory;info;wait;infolog"|cstm

IP Address Subnets and Classes

2004-08-26T14:08:00.000Z

Here's a table showing the relationship between the / notation, the byte
notation, and the corresponding binary numbers (with a dot every eight
digits) for the 32 bit addresses. I've thrown in a count of how many
Class A/B/C networks the larger networks encompass.

/ Notation Binary Byte Notation #Class
---------- ----------------------------------- -------------- ------
/0 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 0.0.0.0 256 A
/1 10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 128.0.0.0 128 A
/2 11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 192.0.0.0 64 A
/3 11100000.00000000.00000000.00000000 224.0.0.0 32 A
/4 11110000.00000000.00000000.00000000 240.0.0.0 16 A
/5 11111000.00000000.00000000.00000000 248.0.0.0 8 A
/6 11111100.00000000.00000000.00000000 252.0.0.0 4 A
/7 11111110.00000000.00000000.00000000 254.0.0.0 2 A
/8 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000 255.0.0.0 1 A
/9 11111111.10000000.00000000.00000000 255.128.0.0 128 B
/10 11111111.11000000.00000000.00000000 255.192.0.0 64 B
/11 11111111.11100000.00000000.00000000 255.224.0.0 32 B
/12 11111111.11110000.00000000.00000000 255.240.0.0 16 B
/13 11111111.11111000.00000000.00000000 255.248.0.0 8 B
/14 11111111.11111100.00000000.00000000 255.252.0.0 4 B
/15 11111111.11111110.00000000.00000000 255.254.0.0 2 B
/16 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 255.255.0.0 1 B
/17 11111111.11111111.10000000.00000000 255.255.128.0 128 C
/18 11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000 255.255.192.0 64 C
/19 11111111.11111111.11100000.00000000 255.255.224.0 32 C
/20 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000 255.255.240.0 16 C
/21 11111111.11111111.11111000.00000000 255.255.248.0 8 C
/22 11111111.11111111.11111100.00000000 255.255.252.0 4 C
/23 11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000 255.255.254.0 2 C
/24 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 255.255.255.0 1 C
/25 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000 255.255.255.128
/26 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000 255.255.255.192
/27 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000 255.255.255.224
/28 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 255.255.255.240
/29 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000 255.255.255.248
/30 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100 255.255.255.252
/31 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111110 255.255.255.254
/32 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111111 255.255.255.255

Here's an example of how to get from the binary number 11000000 to
the decimal number (192).

11000000 => 128*1 + 64*1 + 32*0 + 16*0 + 8*0 + 4*0 + 2*0 + 1*0
= 128 + 64 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0
= 128 + 64
= 192

Another example (using an arbitrarily chosen binary number):

10000100 => 128*1 + 64*0 + 32*0 + 16*0 + 8*0 + 4*1 + 2*0 + 1*0
= 128 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 4 + 0 + 0
= 128 + 4
= 132

Extend a filesystem on HP-UX using online JFS

2004-08-26T14:07:00.000Z

lvextend -L 16 /dev/vg/lv
fsadm -F vxfs -b 16384 /mountpoint

Mirroring root disks using HP-UX LVM

2004-08-26T14:06:00.000Z

pvcreate -B /dev/rdsk/root-mirror
vgextend /dev/vg00 /dev/dsk/root-mirror
mkboot /dev/rdsk/root-mirror
mkboot -a "hpux -lq" /dev/rdsk/root-mirror
mkboot -a "hpux -lq" /dev/rdsk/root-disk
lvextend -m 1 /dev/vg00/lvol1
lvextend -m 1 /dev/vg00/lvol2
.... etc....
lvlnboot -R

Sony Ericsson T610

2004-08-26T14:02:00.000Z

In order to see which firmware you are running you have to access the Service Menu.
his is done by (rather quickly) pulling the joystick right, pressing *, left, left, *, left, *.
The firmware version is located under service information > SW information

A note about NIS

2004-08-26T13:48:00.000Z

passwd: files nis
group: files nis

This instructs the system to first look in /etc/passwd
or /etc/group for an entry and then fallback and query
NIS for the entry. This configuration does not look for
nor enforce +/- behavior.

If you want to use the +/- semantics you will need to
configure passwd and group as follows:

passwd: compat
group: compat

This instructs the system to enforce the +/- semantics.

Virtusertable - How To

2004-08-26T13:39:00.000Z

Virtusertable is used to do aliases to virtual domains hosted on the same server I'll use freebsd.org and
freebsdhelp.org as examples in my article as freebsd.org is the main box and freebsdhelp.org is the virtual
domain hosted on freebsd.org.

*=- The easy way assuming sendmail.cf compiled with the correct features:

Most recent sendmail source are compiled with the needed FEATURES such as "FEATURE(virtusertable, `hash -o
/etc/mail/virtusertable')dnl" and "FEATURE(access_db, `hash -o /etc/mail/access')dnl" in the sendmail.mc file assuming
you installed freebsd normally with sendmail which these features are already included in the freebsd.mc
(/usr/src/etc/sendmail/freebsd.mc) 3 steps is needed to do virtual email aliasing for freebsdhelp.org over freebsd.org main box

1. edit your sendmail.cw with any text editor such as vi(1) or ee(1) and place all
domains that uses sendmail as their mailer deamon in this file, usually at
/etc/sendmail.cw
or /etc/mail/sendmail.cw list them , save and exit.

* your sendmail.cw will look like this listening:

sendmail.cw>

freebsd.org
freebsdhelp.org
anyotherdomain.org

sendmail.cw<

- YOU NEED TO RESTART SENDMAIL TO READ THE NEW ENTRIES SEND A SIGNAL HUP TO SENDMAIL
BY 'killall -HUP sendmail'

2. you have to make access for the virtual domain to access your sendmail by adding them
to /etc/mail/access file and making the database file access.db .

* your /etc/mail/access will look something like this here seperating the domainname and
RELAY with

access>

freebsd.orgRELAY
freebsdhelp.orgRELAY
anyotherdomain.comRELAY

access <

* save and exit and then you have to create access.db while your at /etc/mail/ do this

- makemap hash access < access

- YOU HAVE TO UPDATE YOUR 'access.db' EVERYTIME YOU ADD NEW DOMAIN , PLUS YOU DON'T HAVE
TO RESTART SENDMAIL.

3. Finally to the virtusertable file edit the file /etc/mail/virtusertable and start your aliases
there i'll mention some examples of virtusertable entries

A. assume you want to alias admin@freebsdhelp.org to other LOCAL user on the same server
*MAKE SURE ALL ENTRIES ARE SEPERATED WITH * :

virtusertable>

admin@freebsdhelp.org john

virtusertable<

B. assume you want to alias dave@freebsdhelp.org to other FOREIGN user on other server:

virtusertable>

dave@freebsdhelp.org dave@yahoo.com

virtusertable<

C. assume you want to alias all emails coming on freebsdhelp.org to one LOCAL user and
still you want your admin@freebsdhelp.org and dave@freebsdhelp.org works:

virtusertable>

admin@freebsdhelp.orgj ohn
dave@freebsdhelp.org dave@yahoo.com
@freebsdhelp.org big

virtusertable <

D. the same of the above but to a FOREIGN user:

admin@freebsdhelp.org john
dave@freebsdhelp.org dave@yahoo.com
@freebsdhelp.org big@kuwaitnet.net

* save and exit and then you have to create virtusertable.db while your at /etc/mail/ do this

- makemap hash virtusertable < virtusertable

- YOU HAVE TO UPDATE YOUR 'virtusertable.db' EVERYTIME YOU ADD NEW ALIASES , PLUS YOU DON'T
HAVE TO RESTART SENDMAIL.

*=- The hard way if your sendmail.cf is compiled without correct features:

A. First of all you have to creat your sendmail.mc including the following to enable virtual hosting with sendmail:

FEATURE(access_db, `hash -o /etc/mail/access')dnl
FEATURE(virtusertable, `hash -o /etc/mail/virtusertable')dnl

After adding them to your sendmail.mc compile it and install it while this article isn't a sendmail installation
guide i wont talk more about it, for more info on SENDMAIL(8) can be found at http://www.sendmail.org

B. Go back to the first section and continue the job.

X Windows screen resolution - Solaris

2004-08-26T13:36:00.000Z

fbconfig -res 1152x900x76

The default screen resolution varies on different solaris boxes -- it
depends on the monitor sense codes and frame buffer capabilities. In
most cases this will be the Sun 19/20" monitors with a resolution of
1280x1024. Default color depth is PseudoColor (8 bit) since some
applications do not handle TrueColor too gracefully.

On this page, there is a downloadable ksh script (fbinfo) that detects
your framebuffer type and resolution. Here is my output:

$ fbinfo
cgsix@1 is GX 1152x900@66 Monitor type 0
ffb@1e is FFB1 67MHz Single buffered 1280x1024@76

For those using the FFB Graphics Accelerator cards, the easiest way to
find out current resolution settings, possible alternative resolutions
for your monitor, and set a new resolution is to use the ffbconfig
utility which configures the FFB Graphics Accelerator and some of the
X11 window system defaults for FFB.

/usr/sbin/ffbconfig -prconf
/usr/sbin/ffbconfig -res \?
/usr/sbin/ffbconfig -res 1152x900x76

The following utility will apparently work on any solaris machine which
any graphic card. Although, as far as I can tell, you still have to
look up in the field engineer's hand book the possible resolutions that
are supported for your configuration.

/usr/openwin/bin/xdpyinfo |grep dimension

To set the resolution, run the following command as root:

# eeprom output-device=screen:r1280x1024x76

then reboot. Alternatively, halt the machine and type

ok setenv output-device screen:r1280x1024x76
ok reset

configuring a network interface on solaris

2004-08-26T13:34:00.000Z

configuring a network interface on solaris:

ifconfig eri1 plumb
ifconfig eri1 up
ifconfig eri1 192.10.2.27 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.10.2.255 up

if you want to make the ip address permanent you need to make a file called /etc/hostname.eri1 to do this type:
echo 192.10.2.27 > /etc/hostname.eri1

also, don't forget to add entries to /etc/hosts and /etc/netmasks

cpio

2004-08-26T13:32:00.000Z

Backup using cpio
find . -depth -print | cpio -ovcB > /dev/rmt/0

Viewing cpio files on a tape
cpio -ivtB < /dev/rmt/0

Restoring a cpio backup
cpio -idvcB < /dev/rmt/0

Unix tar tips...

2004-08-26T13:30:00.000Z

use tar to copy a directory with all links etc intact
tar cvf - . |(cd /opt/local/www/owl ; tar xvf - )

use tar to copy a directory from one host to another using remsh
cd /local/dir
tar cvf - ./* | remsh remotehost '(cd /remote/dir ; tar xvf -)'

DIY Multi region dvd

2004-08-16T21:42:00.000Z

Wanna make your DVD player multiregion but are scared of soldering? Never fear - go here

Oracle

2004-06-10T10:34:00.000Z

# determine the largest single chunk of free space available in the tablespace
select tablespace_name,sum(bytes/1024/1024),max(bytes/1024/1024) from dba_free_space group by tablespace_
name;
# Coalesce a tablespace :
alter tablespace ICT_SNAP_DATA coalesce

Orange GPRS from a Palm Tungsten T3

2004-05-20T11:22:00.000Z

Recently, I enabled GPRS on my phone, so that I could get high speed connections to the Internet from my Tungsten T2 via Bluetooth.

Unfortunately, the required information for configuring the Palm network connection isn't available anywhere on the Orange website. However, Orange data services helped me through the setup, so in case anyone else needs it here is what you do:

In Network create a new Service with the following parameters:

Service: Orange (or any name of your choice)
User name: "a"
Password: "a"

Note the quotes are required

Connection type: PPP
Idle timeout: never
Query DNS
IP Address automatic

Script:
Send AT&F
Send CR
Send AT+CGDCONT=1 ,"IP","orangeinternet"
Send
Send
Send CR
Send ATD*99#
Send CR
Wait for CONNECT
End

In Connection create a new Connection with the following parameters:

Connection
Name: GPRS (can be whatever you want)
Connect to: PC
Via: Bluetooth
Device: Nokia 6310i
Speed: 115,200
Flow Ctl: Automatic

In Network make sure that connection is set to GPRS (or whatever you
called it) and away you go.

Reactivating Windows XP

2004-05-20T11:19:00.000Z

That error often comes up if you need to activate xp again - you need to change or reenter the XP product key.

If a system restore doesn't work (or if you have it turned off) open regedit and go to

HKey_Local_Machine\Software\Microsoft\WindowsNT\Current Version\WPAEvents

Open oobetimer, change one digit to anything else and close regedit.

Start / Run / %systemroot%\system32\oobe\msoobe.exe /a go to "activate by phone" and then "change product key". Put your key back in.

Reboot and it should be reactivated.

Start / Run / %systemroot%\system32\oobe\msoobe.exe /a should say "already activated

-b	batch (non-interactive) mode
-c `cc`	CC address (for copy of the mail)
-f `filename`	Name of file to attach
-m `MIME-type`	MIME content type, e.g. "`text/plain`" or "`application/octet-stream`"
-s `subject`	Title (subject) of the mail message
-t `to`	Recipient's address
-n	Next file attachment (needed for multiple file attachments)
-D `description`	Description of the file content
-o `outputfile`	Name of an output file. If the -t option is given, the mail is sent directly to the addressee